What does it mean to be a chauvinist in today's modern society?

Who is a Chauvinist and What Does Chauvinism Mean in Today's Society?

The word "chauvinism" is often mentioned in public debates, media, and on social networks. We usually hear it in connection with discrimination, patriarchy, or relationships between men and women. But what does this term really mean and who is a chauvinist in the context of modern society? What is the exact meaning of the word chauvinist and why is it important to understand how and when to use this term?

The story of chauvinism has its roots deep in history, and its meaning has evolved over time. From a nationalist term, it became a symbol of exaggerated loyalty, superiority, and intolerance, and today it is most commonly associated with gender inequality. However, to understand why an accusation of chauvinism is so serious, we must first return to the very beginning.

Where Did Chauvinism Come From?

The term "chauvinist" comes from the French word chauvinisme, which originates from the legendary figure of Nicolas Chauvin. This soldier in Napoleon's army was famous for his boundless devotion to Napoleon and France, to the extent that he ignored any rational arguments or criticism. His name gradually became a term denoting blind, exaggerated loyalty to an ideology or group—be it a nation, gender, or any other belief system.

While the original meaning of the word "chauvinism" was mainly associated with nationalism, in the 20th century, the term expanded to include another interpretation—male chauvinism. It is in this form that we most frequently encounter it today. So when someone asks, what is a chauvinist, the answer is: an individual who believes that their group (for example, men) is inherently superior to another (for example, women), and actively promotes this superiority.

Prejudices, Power, and Everyday Life

In the modern context, a chauvinist is often equated with a man who belittles women, considers them less capable or less valuable than men, either openly or covertly. It is not just about extreme examples, such as sexist remarks or deliberate discrimination. Chauvinism can also manifest in seemingly innocent attitudes—such as the belief that women "lack the logical strength" for certain professions, or that "they should mainly take care of the household."

A typical example might be a situation in the workplace where a manager automatically directs technical questions towards men, even though there is a woman present with higher qualifications. Or conversely, when a woman in politics faces criticism not for her views but for what she is wearing.

This is where a chauvinist differs from someone who just has a different opinion. Chauvinism is not about discussion but about rejecting equality. It is an attitude that does not stem from conviction or values but from the need to maintain power, privilege, and control.

Can One Be a Chauvinist Unknowingly?

This is a very relevant question today. Many people do not realize that some of their opinions or behaviors might be chauvinistic, as they are based on deeply ingrained social stereotypes. For instance, the statement "men are naturally better leaders than women" might sound like an opinion but actually reflects an assumption of inequality that is at the core of male chauvinism.

It is thus possible to be a chauvinist even without malicious intent—this is why it is important to talk about these topics, educate ourselves, and be open to feedback. As American author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie said: "When we remain silent in the face of inequality, we support it."

Chauvinism vs. Feminism

In discussions about gender issues, there is often a mistaken belief that feminism is the "opposite extreme" to chauvinism. In reality, this is not the case. Feminism strives for equality between genders, while chauvinism places one gender above the other. So if someone claims that "feminists are just like chauvinists, only reversed," they likely do not understand the fundamental principles of these terms.

Such misunderstandings can lead to important social debates being reduced to simplifications and emotions rather than addressing specific issues—such as the gender pay gap, representation of women in leadership positions, or access to education. Understanding the meaning of the word chauvinist helps us conduct these debates more factually and sensitively.

Real-Life Case - When Stereotypes Hurt

One frequently mentioned situation comes from the world of media. A popular presenter publicly shared that upon returning from maternity leave, she was offered a spot on a show "about cooking and homemaking," even though she previously led a major news program. The justification was: "Viewers like her as a sweet mom, not as a serious journalist." This approach is not just tactless—it reveals deeply rooted ideas about what women "should" do.

And it is in such moments that chauvinism is most clearly manifested. It does not shout aggressively, but whispers in the form of "good advice," stereotypes, and expectations that ultimately hinder equality.

Is Society's Attitude Changing?

The good news is that awareness of chauvinism and other forms of discrimination has been growing in recent years. Younger generations, especially thanks to social media and greater access to information, are much more sensitive to gender issues than before. At the same time, there is a certain fatigue with "political correctness," which can lead to trivialization or even denial of the problem.

In this dynamic, it is important not to lose balance—speak truthfully about inequalities, but at the same time not succumb to exaggerated generalizations. Not every man is a chauvinist, and not every remark is an expression of misogyny. The key is context, respect, and a willingness to listen.

What Can We Do?

In the fight against chauvinism, each of us plays a role. It does not have to be grand gestures—often it is enough to point out an inappropriate remark, support a colleague who faces unfair treatment, or reflect on the stereotypes we have adopted ourselves. Thinking about what it means to be a chauvinist begins with daily self-reflection.

Whether we are in a work team, at school, in politics, or at home, we have the opportunity to choose language that does not demean and attitudes that do not harm. Respect, equality, and empathy are not just ideals—they are values that can change everyday reality. And that is where true change begins.